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framework to (monitoring) generating, www.nspcoe.org
PICTURES: organizing, training, enabling, advising, 33. UN Formed Police Units (FPU)
-httpseaei.wordpress.com20080116public-di- mentoring – (M)GOTEAM in an effort 34. EU and EGF Integrated Police Units
plomacy-during-bulgaria-nato-missions-2 to harmonise non-executive activities (IPU)
-httpsswarajyamag.cominstacanadian-su-
spends-nato-mission-in-iraq-after-us-air- the framework established in AJP-3.16 35. See the above-mentioned SIGAR and
“Allied Joint Doctrine for Security Force
SIGIR reports
strike-calls-it-tactical-pause
Assistance” 36. See AJP-3.22 as above
15. UNSCR 1244 Kosovo and UNSCR 1272 37. See MCM-0053-2019 Capstone Con-
East Timor cept – Joint Military Operations in Urban
16. “Legal targeting, enforce international Environment for further details
1. Verbatim and adapted from NATO and applicable HN law to create effect 38. Warsaw Summit Communiquè, Press
Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg on the adversary” is not a NATO Agreed Release (2016), issued on 9 July 2016,
intervention on 30 April 2019, https:// term paragraph. 132
atlanticcouncil.org/commentary/ 17. See MCM-0053-2019 “Capstone Con- 39. NATO Policy for the Protection of
transcript/2019-distinguished-leader- cept – Joint Military Operations in Urban Civilians, endorsed at the NATO Warsaw
ship-awards-2/ Environment” for further details Summit 8-9 July 2016, paragraph 16
2. A type of threat that combines conven- 18. “LoO, A path linking decisive conditions 40. Lawfare is the use of law to wage war
tional, irregular and asymmetric activities to achieve an objective” NATO Agreed 41. “Criminalized Power Structures: The
in time and space. NATO Agreed Term Term Overlooked Enemies of Peace”, edited
3. The use or threat of force by irregular 19. The rule of law refers to “a principle of by Michael Dziedzic, Rowman & Little-
forces, groups or individuals, frequently governance in which all persons, insti- fi eld - 2016
ideologically or criminally motivated, to tutions and entities, public and private,
effect or prevent change as a challen- including the State itself, are accoun-
ge to governance and authority. NATO table to laws that are publicly promulga-
Agreed Term ted, equally enforced and independently
4. Nathan P. Freier et al., Outplayed: adjudicated, and which are consistent
Regaining Strategic Initiative in the Gray with international human rights norms
Zone, Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies and standards” UN Security Council,
Institute, 2016 S/2004/616, para 6
5. Stability Policing “Police related activi- 20. AJP-3.2, ATP-3.2.1 and ATP-3.2.1.1
ties intended to reinforce or temporarily 21. NDC Research Paper 1 Dec 2018
replace the indigenous police in order “Projecting Stability: Elixir or Snake Oil?”
to contribute to the restoration and/ 22. “There is no doubt we need Stability
or upholding of the public order and Policing.” “For too long the Police and
security, rule of law, and the protection Army have been seen as the Security
of human rights.” NATO Agreed term Forces. It is time to separate the two.”
6. MC 362/1 and MC 362/2 infer that Maj Gen. Harrison Adv, MOIA, LL Confe-
civilian law enforcement may not be a rence at the NATO SP CoE 08.10.2019
NATO function, but NATO may support 23. See MCM-0053-2019 “Capstone Con-
or conduct it if so directed by the North cept – Joint Military Operations in Urban
Atlantic Council (NAC), see also AJP- Environment” for further details
3.22, the “Allied Joint Publication for 24. Forces, services, assets, subject matter Col. Giuseppe De Magistris
Stability Policing” experts (SME) etc.
7. NATO Press Release M-NAC-1(98)60 25. AJP-3.21 “Allied Joint Doctrine for Mili- Italian Carabinieri
8. For this paper, the terms “local police”, tary Police” para 2.6.3 NATO SP COE Director
“Indigenous Police Forces (IPF)”, “Host 26. “on the basis of the mandate and the
Nation Police Forces (HNPF)” and “Law environment being permissive” (AJP-
Enforcement Agency (LEA)” are under- 3.22)
stood as having the same meaning 27. NATO Agreed Term
9. Argentina, the Netherlands and the 28. The current SPU capability code repre-
United States of America sents just a so-called Reporting Code
10. 13 November 2000, https://www. that lists a number of abilities but does
un.org/en/events/pastevents/brahi- not establish a capability
mi_report.shtml 29. Special Inspector General for Afgha-
11. ATP-103 “Replacement and Reinfor- nistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) “Divided
cement of Host Nation Police Forces” is Responsibility: Lessons from U.S. security
currently under development sector assistance efforts in Afghani-
12. “Capability, the ability to create an stan”, June 2019 and Special Inspector
effect through employment of an General for Iraq Reconstruction” (SIGIR)
integrated set of aspects categorized as “Learning from Iraq: A Final Report from
doctrine, organization, training, mate- the Special Inspector General for Iraq
riel, leadership development, personnel, Reconstruction”, March 2013
facilities, and interoperability” NATO 30. https://www.nspcoe.org/about-us/
Agreed term history/nato-sp-coe. The Centre is based
13. Capacity, for this paper intended as a in Vicenza, a northern Italian city OR9 Stefano Bergonzini
capability expressed in quantitative terms 31. The Writing Team for ATP-103 is led by
14. As mentioned in AJP-3.22 “Allied Joint the Doctrine and Standardization Branch Italian Carabinieri
Doctrine for Stability Policing”; ATP-103 of the NATO SP COE NATO SP COE S.I.S. Staff
(see footnote 13) seeks to change the 32. 6 in-house courses and 3 online, see Assistant

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