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HUMAN, TACTICAL OR TECHNICAL: THE
HUMAN , T A CTICAL OR TECHNICAL : THE
NATURE OF MODERN PEACEKEEPERS
NATURE OF MODERN PEACEKEEPERS
bility of an SP asset across the full berspace and in the information other military forces. Under a com-
spectrum of crises – before, during environment. Urban and littoral prehensive approach, non-military
and after confl icts - should encou- settings are where most people actors may also collaborate in sta-
rage an Ally under threat. Is the live and where they will increasin- bility policing activities such as:
strength of NATO not to be sought gly live. Since confl icts break out police forces with civilian status,
in this mutual support, especially amongst people, and police are IOs, NGOs, and contractors . This
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if, when and where one Ally can- often the fi rst responders to these inclusiveness fosters interoperabi-
not face challenges on its own? crises, acquiring and using their lity, aims at enabling the Alliance
The evolving doctrinal framework experience and expertise is and to select the most suitable asset
and particularly the current review will be more and more signifi cant. and avoids missing opportunities.
of the 3.2 Series contemplates that This implies that urban challen- The “missing” capability – Why
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offensive, defensive and stability ges may progressively blur poli- does NATO need an SP Con-
operations all encompass stability, ce and military functions as these cept?
enabling, defensive and offensive areas of responsibility overlap. In NATO lacks a capability that pre-
activities, which could arguably turn, conducting military opera- cisely defi nes the sets of require-
be extended to SP, although by li- tions among dense civilian popu- ments for SP across the Doctrine,
miting them to the policing remit. lations will require military per- Organization, Materiel, Personnel,
Indeed, history shows that SP can sonnel to have policing-like skills . Leadership, Facilities and Interope-
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and should be conducted throu- In general, a successful interaction rability (DOTMPLFI) framework.
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ghout the full spectrum of confl ict between conventional military and This entails that during a force ge-
and crisis in all operations themes policing components will require neration process Nations can pro-
(from peacetime military enga- an appropriate level of interope- vide the Alliance with SP contribu-
gement to warfi ghting), before, rability to ensure that they can be tions that lack police expertise and
during and after (armed) confl i- ready, available and jointly de- that SP is not properly acknowled-
cts and manmade and natural ployable to both permissive and ged as capability within the NATO
disasters, because the (fragile) non-permissive environments. Defence Planning Process (NDPP) .
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HN and its populace may requi- An essential principle about SP sta- History shows that SP should be in-
re help whenever and wherever tes, “all can contribute to SP, but cluded in the planning process from
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there are policing gaps. SP contri- not everyone can do everything”. the very beginning and that lack of
butes to win the war, by creating Policing is indeed very different expert and experienced policing
effects on adversaries and ene- from soldiering and reinforcing personnel in reinforcement or tem-
mies, but also to build the peace, IPF or temporarily replacing them, porary replacement of the IPF can
an aspect of fundamental impor- especially in a fragile state, while have disastrous consequences .
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tance and relevance especially in conducting a military campaign, Considering dedicated Stability Po-
a connected, globalized world. is even more demanding. Basic SP licing Unit (SPU) requirements du-
Projecting stability is key to pre- activities and tasks (for instance, ring the next NDPP cycle and targe-
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vent and deter crises, including presence patrols, critical site secu- ting them to Nations would ensure
armed confl ict and cannot pre- rity, election security) can be con- these capabilities will be available
scind from addressing policing ducted by any trained, equipped and readily usable during any for-
requirements. To this aim, SP is and tasked unit or asset. Higher ce generation process. In NATO a
credible, instrumental and com- level SP such as investigating orga- concept is an instrument to cohe-
plementary to other actor’s ef- nised crimes, disrupting internatio- rently fi ll a capability gap, but
forts; this reasoning has been nal terrorist networks or mentoring one has yet to be adopted on SP.
demonstrated oftentimes also in HN senior leaders require a con- There are some inherent diffi cul-
NATO operations and missions . siderable level of specifi c experti- ties on the path towards an ap-
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Although “land heavy”, SP is not se, experience and set of skills. In proved SP concept, not lastly be-
limited to a specifi c domain, in reality, a vast array of forces can cause of the differences between
the same way criminals, terrorists and should contribute to SP, in- NATO Nation’s police forces (mi-
and insurgents are active on land cluding Gendarmerie-type forces, litary/civilian status, military po-
and sea as well as in the air, in cy- which are the fi rst choice , MP and lice, powers, jurisdictions, legal
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