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as the rules of engagement during ronment in which they will operate but also necessary resources for
such type of missions are slightly is extremely important for all ope- handling a mission in dangerous
different than those of other kinds rators in order to succeed in the environments are not certainly
of involvements the operators are mission, and to guarantee safety to provided. In order to deal with this
usually educated for. For instance, themselves and to the local popu- issue, it is impellent to guarantee
most of nowadays crisis theaters lation. Last, but certainly not least, a homologation in training among
do not see the more conventional peacekeepers must be able to acti- PKO operators, the establishment
contraposition of two state entities, vely engage with the local popula- of common standards and rules
instead they are characterized by tion and get in touch with all par- of engagement based on the les-
the involvement of non-state ac- ties involved in the establishment sons learned and close coopera-
tors such as terrorist or insurgent of the new national security, politi- tion with more experienced contin-
groups that not only carry out an cal and social architecture. Indeed, gents. The role that centers like the
asymmetric warfare, but they also it is crucial to be able to deal with CoESPU play in such framework is
do not recognize the legitimacy different ethnic groups and secta- crucial as it encounters all the ne-
of the mission of the international rian tensions in order to promote eds above mentioned and, there-
operators. Such situation can be dialogue, tolerance, inclusion and fore, ensures a better preparation
extremely tricky to deal with if the the respects of fundamental rights. of the units that will be deployed.
In conclusion, it is desirable that
the path defined by the CoESPU
The role of peacekeeping person- would be followed by other na-

nel involved in different missions all tions that have a long-established
experience in stability policing and
over the globe is of crucitance for can transmit their knowledge to
the personnel of those countries

ensuring stability to countries that that lack a solid know-how in the
field. Only by following such di-
have been torn by a conflict. rection, PKO will be counting less
fatalities and more successes.

deployed troops are not trained These four requirements become
and equipped in a proper man- even more impellent if one consi-
ner. Ambushes, suicide attacks ders the composition of nowadays
and improvised explosive devices PKO contingents. Taking as exam-
are some of the most dangerous ple the United Nations Multidimen-
and challenging menaces for the sional Integrated Stabilization Mis-
personnel of PKO. Such threa- sion in Mali (MINUSMA), which is
ts endanger not only the military the most fatal among recent PKO
and police units, but also the civi- with more than 170 peacekeepers
lian part of the contingent that mi- who lost their lives, it is possible to
ght become a target if perceived notice that the majority of its mi-
as a foreign intrude (or worse, an litary and police units is made of
invader) in the hosting country. In- operators coming from developing
deed, this brings to the third con- countries. The top contributing
dition, that is the mind-set. The ci- countries, in fact, are Burkina Faso,
vilian personnel should be aware Senegal, Chad and Bangladesh,1 Andrea Margelletti
of the risks present in the theater of whose military personnel and po- Ce.S.I. President
operation and thus keep an extre- lice forces present some gaps in
mely cautious attitude. Evidently, their operative capacity. Indeed,
per-deployment training and edu- not only a proper training is not
cation that is specific to the envi- always guaranteed to these troops,

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